This pathology affects 25%-50% of the population. It impacts the muscles and the lower mandibular branch that connects to the skull. This disorder is not solely due to structural mechanical stimuli, but is also caused by physical stress on the structures surrounding the joint. These structures include: the cartilage disc in the joint, jaw muscles, facial and neck muscles, ligaments, nearby blood vessels, nerves and teeth. However, the causes of this disorder are 100% unknown.

Some of them include:

• Dental malocclusion

• Stress

• Poor posture

• Teeth grinding